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← Class 7 General Science

Class 7 · English Medium · Pearson Edexcel · General science

Forces, energy and electricity

Explain a feedback system and distinguish sensing from action.

Original Kidemy further-topic investigation. This optional lesson is shared by related upper pathways; select suitable depth with a teacher. It does not certify complete grade or board coverage.

Learn the idea

A feedback system measures a quantity, compares it with a target and acts to reduce a difference. A sensor alone does not change the environment. Real systems can respond slowly or overshoot, so repeated observation matters.

Worked example

A fictional greenhouse controller switches a fan on above28 °C and off below26 °C. The gap between thresholds prevents rapid switching around one temperature. This is a paper model, not wiring guidance.

  1. Define target and thresholds.
  2. Trace input, stored state and action.
  3. Explain a delay or alternative cause.

Your written practice

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1

29 exceeds28.

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0

25 is below26.

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temperature sensor

The sensor supplies the measurement.

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The fan keeps its previous state because neither switching threshold is crossed.

Use state and both thresholds.

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The reading may change for other reasons and the fan action needs a comparable observation.

Separate sensing, action and evidence.

Apply the idea

Draw an input–comparison–action loop and trace five temperatures through it.

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