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protein
Proteins provide materials for growth and repair.
Class 6 · English Version · General science
2026 Class 6 Science · English Version · Chapter 13 · Chapter companion part
Chapter 13: Food and Nutrition
Explain food groups, nutrients and balanced choices without treating one food as a complete diet.
Class 6 English Version chapter companion with expanded teaching, 20 written tasks and a notebook challenge. Further independent assessment and teacher-reviewed practical work remain; this is not complete textbook coverage.
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Learn the idea
Nutrition concerns taking in and using materials needed for life. Carbohydrates and fats can supply energy; proteins provide building materials for growth and repair. Vitamins and minerals are required in smaller amounts for normal functions. Water is essential, and dietary fibre supports normal bowel function.
Sources and functions
Rice and other grains supply carbohydrate; pulses, eggs, fish and other foods can provide protein. Oils, nuts and seeds contain fats. Fruits, vegetables and varied other foods supply vitamins and minerals. One food can contain several nutrients, so food labels are useful but no single label tells you everything about a diet.
Balance and context
A balanced pattern includes variety and suitable amounts for the person’s age, activity, health and available foods. Energy needs differ; a higher-energy food is not automatically better or worse. A school lesson cannot prescribe a child’s diet, diagnose a deficiency or recommend supplement doses. Ask a guardian and qualified clinician about allergies, growth or health concerns.
Reason from evidence
Compare meal examples by the variety and nutrient sources they include. A named vitamin deficiency can be studied as a biological example, but symptoms alone do not establish a diagnosis. Use supplied food information; no chemical food tests, supplements or tasting challenges are needed.
Distinguish nutrient roles and sources
Carbohydrate and fat can supply energy; protein supports growth and repair and can also be used for energy. Vitamins and minerals have varied roles in normal body functions. Water supports transport and reactions; dietary fibre contributes to normal bowel function. Foods often contain mixtures of nutrients. Plants take up mineral ions dissolved in soil water; minerals in plant foods do not appear without a source.
Compare vitamin and mineral examples
Vitamin A supports vision, vitamin C connective tissues, and vitamin D calcium/phosphorus use. B vitamins have different roles in metabolism. Vitamins E and K contribute to cell protection and normal clotting. Calcium supports bones and teeth; iron is needed for haemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells. The thyroid gland uses iodine to make hormones that help regulate body processes. These roles do not justify diagnosis or supplement advice from a practice answer.
Read an energy model carefully
A kilocalorie (kcal), sometimes written as a food Calorie, is a unit of energy. It is not a gram of food. For the supplied school calculation model, carbohydrate and protein give about 4 kcal per gram and fat about 9 kcal per gram. These rounded values support arithmetic, not a child’s personal intake target. Read whether a food label gives amounts per serving or per 100 g before comparing it with another label.
Plan variety without judging appearance
A balanced eating pattern considers suitable amounts and variety across time, with the person’s needs and available foods. Body appearance alone does not diagnose a nutrient problem. Cooking can affect nutrient amounts differently; it does not destroy every nutrient and can improve digestibility or safety. Use fictional meals and supplied labels here. A guardian and qualified professional should handle allergies, persistent health concerns or individual dietary requirements.
Worked example
A meal of rice, lentils, vegetables and an appropriate protein source offers more variety than plain rice alone. The lesson explains the roles of foods; it does not set a personalised portion or calorie target.
- Identify the evidence, quantity or structure in the question.
- Write a labelled method or explanation; include units where needed.
- Check the model, explain one correction, then attempt the independent task.
Check a common mistake
Balanced does not mean every nutrient in equal mass, and vitamins are not a substitute for varied food. Do not start supplements because of a practice answer.
Use the supplied energy factors
For a fictional sample containing 10 g carbohydrate and 5 g fat, the model gives 10 × 4 + 5 × 9 = 85 kcal. That is an energy calculation for the stated sample, not a recommended meal or portion.
Match label bases before comparing
A supplied label gives 6 g protein per 100 g. A 50 g amount contains 3 g protein under that model. Comparing 6 g per 100 g with another food’s per-serving figure requires knowing that serving’s mass.
Your written practice
Show your working on paper and enter your answer here. If it does not match, compare the model and try again.
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carbohydrate
Rice is rich in starch, a carbohydrate.
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fibre
Dietary fibre is not digested like starch.
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iron
Iron is needed for haemoglobin in red blood cells.
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vitamin C
Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy.
Write in your own words. A guardian or teacher should review this response.
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It lacks enough variety to reliably provide all required nutrient groups and amounts. Other foods supply protein, vitamins, minerals and other components.
Explain variety without prescribing personal quantities.
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No. Fats are needed, while type, amount and the overall eating pattern matter. One nutrient does not decide the whole diet.
Avoid labelling a food entirely good or bad from one fact.
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Many conditions can share symptoms, and individual assessment needs a qualified health professional.
Separate a classroom concept from a medical diagnosis.
Take it further
Apply the idea in a new situation and explain your method. Open writing needs a guardian or teacher to review it.
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vitamin A
Vitamin A supports normal vision; this does not diagnose the cause of a person’s vision problem.
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vitamin D
Vitamin D supports normal mineral use and bone health.
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iodine
Iodine is required in thyroid hormones; individual advice is separate.
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85
10 × 4 + 5 × 9 = 85 kcal for this fictional sample.
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3
6 × 50 ÷ 100 = 3 g, assuming the label applies uniformly.
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32
8 × 4 = 32 kcal in the calculation model.
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A food can contain several nutrients and other components; amounts, overall pattern and context matter.
Explain the limitation without calling a food wholly good or bad from one fact.
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A kilocalorie measures energy while a gram measures mass; an energy-per-mass factor links them for a specified material/model.
State what each unit measures.
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Different serving masses can make the numbers describe different food amounts, giving a misleading comparison.
Give a clear basis such as the same food mass.
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Different nutrients and cooking conditions have different effects; some vitamins can be reduced, while many other nutrients remain and cooking can improve safety or digestibility.
Avoid replacing one absolute claim with another.
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Consider suitable pulses or another protein source and vegetables/fruit, accounting for preferences, access and any known allergies with a guardian.
Explain the roles of added foods without giving a personal calorie target.
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Many factors affect appearance and symptoms; assessment needs appropriate personal evidence and a qualified health professional.
Distinguish classroom nutrient knowledge from diagnosis or treatment.
Your science notebook challenge
Compare two fictional food labels on the same mass basis and show one energy calculation using the supplied factors. Design a varied fictional meal with explanations of nutrient roles, then list what additional information a professional would need for personal advice.
Review with a guardian or teacher
- Use an observation, labelled diagram or stated data.
- Explain how the evidence supports your answer.
- Record one limitation or correction with a guardian or teacher.
Keep your work on paper or in a local file. This page does not upload it or automatically grade the project.
Chapter companion and further study
This original Kidemy practice follows the topic order of 2026 Class 6 Science · English Version, chapter 13, printed pages 131–142. It does not replace the complete chapter or its practical teaching.
Official book catalogue and source →
Continue with your book or teacher
- Independent nutrient/label interpretation and balanced-pattern explanations
- Teacher-reviewed safe food observations and appropriate individual health guidance when needed
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