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← Class 12 Subject Pathways

Class 12 · English Version · ICT

Documents, spreadsheets and presentations

Choose document, spreadsheet and presentation tools for their purpose.

Shared cross-level core and stretch unit. Start with the core questions, then use the stretch example for deeper work. The same unit is available in related class and board pathways; it is not a full grade-specific or examination-specification course. A teacher should select the appropriate depth and further topics.

Learn the idea

A document organises prose; a spreadsheet calculates from structured cells; a presentation supports an oral explanation. A formula must refer to the intended cells. Relative references move when copied; absolute references stay fixed. Formatting helps reading but does not make a calculation correct.

Worked example

If B2 contains quantity 4 and C2 unit price 25, =B2*C2 returns 100. Copying this formula down adjusts the row references. A fixed tax rate in F1 can be referenced as $F$1.

  1. Define the intended result.
  2. Write and inspect the formula.
  3. Test a normal, zero and boundary case.

Stretch example

A copied formula can silently use the wrong rate if a fixed reference was not locked. Data validation limits input; it cannot prove a plausible-looking value was entered correctly.

Your written practice

Show your working on paper and enter your answer here. If it does not match, compare the model and try again.

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100

Multiply quantity by unit price.

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$F$1

Dollar signs lock both column and row.

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15

3 + 5 + 7 = 15.

Write in your own words. A guardian or teacher should review this response.

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They tell a reader what the values represent and prevent mixing units.

Connect labels to interpretation.

Write in your own words. A guardian or teacher should review this response.

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It uses readable text, clear contrast, a logical order and a description of a meaningful visual.

Specify practical readability features.

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=B3*$F$1

B2 moves to B3; the absolute reference remains fixed.

Write in your own words. A guardian or teacher should review this response.

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Check each case against independently calculated expected totals, including any stated discount boundary.

Give explicit expected outcomes, not merely “it opens”.

Budget sheet

Make a small fictional class-event budget on paper or in a local spreadsheet.

Review with a guardian or teacher

Keep your work on paper or in a local file. This page does not upload it or automatically grade the project.

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